CONTENTS

NAME

Type::Tiny::Manual::UsingWithMoose - how to use Type::Tiny with Moose

MANUAL

First read Type::Tiny::Manual::Moo, Type::Tiny::Manual::Moo2, and Type::Tiny::Manual::Moo3. Everything in those parts of the manual should work exactly the same in Moose.

This part of the manual will focus on Moose-specifics.

Why Use Type::Tiny At All?

Moose does have a built-in type constraint system which is fairly convenient to use, but there are several reasons you should consider using Type::Tiny instead.

Type::Utils

If you've used Moose::Util::TypeConstraints, you may be accustomed to using a DSL for declaring type constraints:

use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;

subtype 'Natural',
  as 'Int',
  where { $_ > 0 };

There's a module called Type::Utils that provides a very similar DSL for declaring types in Type::Library-based type libraries.

package My::Types {
  use Type::Library -base;
  use Type::Utils;
  use Types::Standard qw( Int );
  
  declare 'Natural',
    as Int,
    where { $_ > 0 };
}

Personally I prefer the more object-oriented way to declare types though.

Since Type::Library 1.012, a shortcut has been available for importing Type::Library and Type::Utils at the same time:

package MyType {
  use Type::Library -base, -utils;
  
  ...;
}

In Moose you might also declare types like this within classes and roles too. Unlike Moose, Type::Tiny doesn't keep types in a single global flat namespace, so this doesn't work quite the same with Type::Utils. It still creates the type, but it doesn't store it in any type library; the type is returned.

package My::Class {
  use Moose;
  use Type::Utils;
  use Types::Standard qw( Int );
  
  my $Natural =          # store type in a variable
    declare 'Natural',
    as Int,
    where { $_ > 0 };
  
  has number => ( is => 'ro', isa => $Natural );
}

But really, isn't the object-oriented way cleaner?

package My::Class {
  use Moose;
  use Types::Standard qw( Int );
  
  has number => (
    is   => 'ro',
    isa  => Int->where('$_ > 0'),
  );
}

Type::Tiny and MooseX::Types

Types::Standard should be a drop-in replacement for MooseX::Types. And Types::Common::Numeric and Types::Common::String should easily replace MooseX::Types::Common::Numeric and MooseX::Types::Common::String.

That said, if you do with to use a mixture of Type::Tiny and MooseX::Types, they should fit together pretty seamlessly.

use Types::Standard qw( ArrayRef );
use MooseX::Types::Common::Numeric qw( PositiveInt );

# this should just work
my $list_of_nums = ArrayRef[PositiveInt];

# and this
my $list_or_num = ArrayRef | PositiveInt;

-moose Import Parameter

If you have read this far in the manual, you will know that this is the usual way to import type constraints:

use Types::Standard qw( Int );

And the Int which is imported is a function that takes no arguments and returns the Int type constraint, which is a blessed object in the Type::Tiny class.

Type::Tiny mocks the Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint API so well that most Moose and MooseX code will not be able to tell the difference.

But what if you need a real Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint object?

use Types::Standard -moose, qw( Int );

Now the Int function imported will return a genuine native Moose type constraint.

This flag is mostly a throwback from when Type::Tiny native objects didn't directly work in Moose. In 99.9% of cases, there is no reason to use it and plenty of reasons not to. (Moose native type constraints don't offer helpful methods like plus_coercions and where.)

moose_type Method

Another quick way to get a native Moose type constraint object from a Type::Tiny object is to call the moose_type method:

use Types::Standard qw( Int );

my $tiny_type   = Int;
my $moose_type  = $tiny_type->moose_type;

Internally, this is what the -moose flag makes imported functions do.

NEXT STEPS

Here's your next step:

AUTHOR

Toby Inkster <tobyink@cpan.org>.

COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE

This software is copyright (c) 2013-2014, 2017-2023 by Toby Inkster.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES

THIS PACKAGE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.